I have a Windows 10 on the partition of an old laptop.
The requirement to run an embedded GNU/Linux distribution is: Install the Windows Subsystem for Linux
I recommend you follow this article, which explains the prerequisites.
https://docs.microsoft.com/es-es/windows/wsl/install-win10
One of them is to belong to the Windows Insider Program. If you cannot do it from the settings, the quickest thing may be to download the ISO, mount it, and run the Setup:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windowsinsiderpreviewadvanced
Caveat: I have read that this activates telemetry of information towards Microsoft.